This index holds every record Europe PMC returns for the 225 compounds in the library: journal articles, reviews, preprints and patents. Each record is tagged by species, study type and licence using the database's own indexing. Nothing here is written by us. Every entry is a real document with a real identifier, stored exactly as the source returned it.
The classifications are automatic and are labelled as such. Where a record has no indexing, it is marked unknown rather than guessed. Records not in English are counted but have not been read.
Retractions, withdrawals and expressions of concern are shown free on every compound page. The record-level search below is part of Pro.
225
Compounds indexed
46725
Records
9
Compounds with no human research
34
Compounds with nothing published
Where the evidence comes from one lab
A high share means most of what is published about a compound comes from a single research group. That is not a verdict on the work. It is a reason to look for independent replication before trusting the numbers.
| Compound | Records | Senior author | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB-115 | 26 | Seredenin SB | 73% |
| BPC-157 | 229 | Sikiric P | 42% |
| P21 | 29 | Iqbal K | 38% |
| Davunetide (NAP) | 179 | Gozes I | 31% |
| Pancragen | 20 | RYZHAK GALINA ANATOLIEVNA | 25% |
| SHLP2 | 27 | Cohen P | 22% |
| PNC-27 | 25 | Pincus MR | 20% |
| Ipamorelin + CJC-1295 (no DAC) blend | 20 | Awan TM | 20% |
| Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4) | 55 | Hamley IW | 14% |
| Selank | 81 | Myasoedov NF | 14% |
| Noopept (Omberacetam) | 170 | Seredenin SB | 14% |
| Tesamorelin | 105 | Grinspoon SK | 13% |
| Hexarelin | 328 | Ghigo E | 13% |
| Livagen | 24 | Lezhava TA | 13% |
| GHRP-2 | 242 | Bowers CY | 12% |
Retracted or withdrawn papers
- Clomiphene
Expression of concern·Expression of Concern: Metformin in the treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing <i>in vitro</i> fertilisation treatment: A randomised controlled trial.(2026) - Liraglutide
Retracted·RETRACTED: Paladugu et al. Liraglutide Has Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Amyloid Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced and 5xFAD Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 860.(2026) - AICAR
Retracted·Statement of Retraction. Yunzhou Dong, Miao Zhang, Shuangxi Wang, Bin Liang, Zhengxing Zhao, Chao Liu, Mingyuan Wu, Hyoung Chul Choi, Timothy J. Lyons, and Ming-Hui Zou. Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibits Oxidized LDL-Triggered Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vivo. Diabetes 2010;59:1386-1396. DOI: 10.2337/db09-1637. PMID: 20299472. PMCID: PMC2874699.(2026) - Irisin
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Regulating inflammation microenvironment and tenogenic differentiation as sequential therapy promotes tendon healing in diabetic rats" [J Orthop Transl 53(2025) 63-81].(2026) - Urolithin A
Retracted·RETRACTED: Kshirsagar et al. A Combination Therapy of Urolithin A+EGCG Has Stronger Protective Effects than Single Drug Urolithin A in a Humanized Amyloid Beta Knockin Mice for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. <i>Cells</i> 2022, <i>11</i>, 2660.(2026) - Clomiphene
Retracted·<i><b>Retraction Notice:</b></i> Rosiglitazone as Treatment for Clomiphene Citrate-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Factors Associated with Clinical Response.(2026) - Methylene Blue
Retracted·RETRACTED: Al-Hussain et al. Application of New Sodium Vinyl Sulfonate-co-2-Acrylamido-2-me[thylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt-Magnetite Cryogel Nanocomposites for Fast Methylene Blue Removal from Industrial Waste Water. <i>Nanomaterials</i> 2018, <i>8</i>, 878.(2026) - Oligopeptide-1 (EGF)
Retracted·Retraction: Pharmacological Inhibition of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Suppresses Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis.(2026) - SR9009 (Stenabolic)
Retracted·Retraction notice to "SR9009 attenuates inflammation-related NPMSC pyroptosis and IVDD through NR1D1/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway" [iScience 27 (2024) 109733].(2026) - Tamoxifen
Retracted·Retraction notice to "A new look at low-dose aspirin: Co-administration with tamoxifen in ovulation induction in anovulatory PCOS women" [J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod (2019) 673-675].(2026) - L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine)
Retracted·RETRACTED: Uner et al. Assessing the In Vitro and In Vivo Performance of L-Carnitine-Loaded Nanoparticles in Combating Obesity. <i>Molecules</i> 2023, <i>28</i>, 7115.(2026) - L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine)
Expression of concern·EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Hypoxia-Induced Deactivation of NGF-Mediated ERK1/2 Signaling in Hippocampal Cells: Neuroprotection by Acetyl-L-Carnitine.(2026) - Letrozole
Retracted·Retraction: Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction alleviated hyperandrogenism in a letrozole-induced rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by inhibition of NF-κB activation.(2026) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·Expression of Concern: Supplementation of clomiphene citrate cycles with Cimicifuga racemosa or ethinyl oestradiol - a randomized trial. [Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 2009, Vol 19. No 4. p501-507].(2026) - TUDCA
Retracted·Retraction: Administration of tauroursodeoxycholic acid attenuates early brain injury via Akt pathway activation.(2026) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note: Cerebrolysin Attenuates Exacerbation of Neuropathic Pain, Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Breakdown and Cord Pathology Following Chronic Intoxication of Engineered Ag, Cu or Al (50-60 nm) Nanoparticles.(2026) - Cabergoline
Retracted·RETRACTION: Randomized Trial of Combined Cabergoline And Coasting in Preventing Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome During in Vitro Fertilization/intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles.(2026) - Letrozole
Retracted·WITHDRAWN: From CDK4/6 to CDK2 and KAT: Evolving therapeutic approaches in HR+/HER2- breast cancer.(2026) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction: Regional Comparison of the Neurogenic Effects of CNTF-Derived Peptides and Cerebrolysin in AβPP Transgenic Mice.(2026) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Long-term use of clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in PCO patients with clomiphene citrate resistance" [J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 46/7 (2017) 575-577].(2026) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note to: Timed Release of Cerebrolysin Using Drug-Loaded Titanate Nanospheres Reduces Brain Pathology and Improves Behavioral Functions in Parkinson's Disease.(2026) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note: Neurotrophic effects of Cerebrolysin in the Mecp2<sup>308/Y</sup> transgenic model of Rett syndrome.(2026) - Oligopeptide-1 (EGF)
Retracted·Aptamer-Conjugated PEGylated Quantum Dots Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Variant III for Fluorescence Imaging of Glioma [Retraction].(2026) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction Note: Letrozole versus clomiphene citrate for superovulation in Egyptian women with unexplained infertility: a randomized controlled trial.(2026) - Letrozole
Retracted·Retraction Note: Letrozole versus clomiphene citrate for superovulation in Egyptian women with unexplained infertility: a randomized controlled trial.(2026) - Cerebrolysin
Expression of concern·Editorial Expression of Concern: Neurofibrillary and neurodegenerative pathology in APP-transgenic mice injected with AAV2-mutant TAU: neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin.(2026) - Cabergoline
Expression of concern·Editorial Expression of Concern: Does Cabergoline help in decreasing endometrioma size compared to LHRH agonist? A prospective randomized study.(2026) - Spexin
Withdrawn·WITHDRAWN: Spexin alleviates renal injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy rat model(2026) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction Note To: High Dose of Phytoestrogens Can Reverse the Antiestrogenic Effects of Clomiphene Citrate on the Endometrium in Patients Undergoing Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomized Trial.(2026) - Letrozole
Expression of concern·EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Clomifene Citrate, Metformin, And Pioglitazone Versus Letrozole, Metformin, And Pioglitazone For Clomifene-Citrate-Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.(2026) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Statement of Retraction: The adjuvant effect of metformin and <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine to clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in patients with <i>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome</i>.(2025) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note: Cerebrolysin™ efficacy in a transgenic model of tauopathy: role in regulation of mitochondrial structure.(2025) - Letrozole
Expression of concern·[Expression of Concern] Randomized controlled trial comparing letrozole with laparoscopic ovarian drilling in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.(2025) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·[Expression of Concern] Randomized controlled trial comparing letrozole with laparoscopic ovarian drilling in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.(2025) - Methylene Blue
Retracted·Is Methylene Blue a Reliable Substitute in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy? A Systematic Review Across Oncologic Sites.(2025) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to .ÇÿEffect of N-acetyl-cysteine after ovarian drilling in clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS women: a pilot study.ÇÖ.(2025) - Spexin
Withdrawn·WITHDRAWN: Spexin alleviates renal injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy rat model(2025) - Follistatin (FST-344)
Expression of concern·Axon guidance cue SLIT2 regulates the murine skeletal stem cell niche through sympathetic innervation.(2025) - GHK (copper-free)
Retracted·The role of cell surface RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.(2025) - Orexin A
Retracted·RETRACTION: Plasma Orexin-A Levels in Postmenopausal Women: Possible Interaction With Estrogen And Correlation With Cardiovascular Risk Status.(2025) - L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine)
Expression of concern·EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Acetyl-L-Carnitine-Mediated Neuroprotection During Hypoxia Is Attributed to ERK1/2-Nrf2-Regulated Mitochondrial Biosynthesis.(2025) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: a comparative, randomized study" (Fertil Steril 2020;73: 85-89).(2025) - Oligopeptide-1 (EGF)
Retracted·RETRACTION: Evaluating the Impact of Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor on Scar Formation in Oral and Maxillofacial Traumatic Wound Healing.(2025) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note: Neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin in triple repeat Tau transgenic model of Pick's disease and fronto-temporal tauopathies.(2025) - Toremifene
Expression of concern·Editorial Expression of Concern: Nano-Targeted Delivery of Toremifene, an Estrogen Receptor-α Blocker in Prostate Cancer.(2025) - Exenatide (Byetta / Bydureon)
Expression of concern·Exenatide once a week versus placebo as a potential disease-modifying treatment for people with Parkinson's disease in the UK: a phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.(2025) - BPC-157
Retracted·Withdrawn: Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats(2025) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Combined Metformin and Clomiphene Citrate Versus Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy for Ovulation Induction in Clomiphene-Resistant Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.(2025) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Retraction Note to: Co-Administration of TiO2 Nanowired Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cerebrolysin Potentiates Neprilysin Level and Reduces Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.(2025) - Exenatide (Byetta / Bydureon)
Retracted·RETRACTED: Chung et al. Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Diabetic Rats. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 390.(2024) - GDF-11
Retracted·Retraction Notice to: Overexpression of circRNA circUCK2 Attenuates Cell Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via miR-125b-5p/GDF11 Signaling.(2024) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·Expression of concern: "The effectiveness of clomiphene citrate in LH surge suppression in women undergoing IUI: a randomized controlled trial" (Fertil Steril 2010;94:2167-71).(2024) - L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine)
Retracted·Retraction of "Acetyl-l-carnitine increases artemin level and prevents neurotrophic factor alterations during neuropathy" [Neuroscience 167(4) (2010) 1168-1174].(2024) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Tumor necrosis factor alpha versus LH and androstendione as a reliable predictor of spontaneous ovulation after laparoscopic ovarian drilling for women with clomiphene citrate resistance polycystic ovarian disease" [Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 222 (2018) 126-133].(2024) - MGF (Mechano Growth Factor)
Retracted·Retraction: Mechano growth factor attenuates mechanical overload-induced nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis through inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway.(2024) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Statement of Retraction: Clomiphene citrate combined with metformin versus letrozole for induction of ovulation in clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.(2024) - Letrozole
Retracted·RETRACTED: Aldawsari et al. Gum Acacia Functionalized Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles of Letrozole as Biocompatible Drug Delivery Carrier for Treatment of Breast Cancer. <i>Pharmaceutics</i> 2021, <i>13</i>, 1554.(2024) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·Expression of concern: Randomized comparison of superovulation with letrozole vs. clomiphene citrate in an IUI program for women with recently surgically treated minimal to mild endometriosis.(2024) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·Expression of concern: Intrauterine insemination vs timed intercourse with clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.(2024) - SR9009 (Stenabolic)
Retracted·SR9009 attenuates inflammation-related NPMSC pyroptosis and IVDD through NR1D1/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway.(2024) - Anamorelin
Retracted·[Retracted] Predictors of efficacy of anamorelin in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer and cachexia: A retrospective study.(2024) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Statement of retraction: Clomiphene citrate or aromatase inhibitors combined with gonadotropins for superovulation in women undergoing intrauterine insemination: a prospective randomised trial.(2024) - Spexin
Withdrawn·WITHDRAWN: Spexin Levels are Associated with Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy(2023) - Anamorelin
Retracted·Predictors of efficacy of anamorelin in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer and cachexia: A retrospective study.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Statement of Retraction: Minimal stimulation or clomiphene citrate as first-line therapy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Statement of Retraction: Combined metformin and clomiphene citrate <i>versus</i> highly purified FSH for ovulation induction in clomiphene-resistant PCOS women: a randomised controlled trial.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction Note: Luteal phase clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.(2023) - Tamoxifen
Expression of concern·Editorial Expression of Concern: Tamoxifen citrate for women with unexplained infertility.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Combined coenzyme Q10 and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome" RBMO 29/1 (2014) 119-124.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to " Luteal phase clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a novel protocol".(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Clomiphene citrate plus N-acetyl cysteine versus clomiphene citrate for augmenting ovulation in the management of unexplained infertility: a randomized double-blind controlled trial".(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Clomiphene citrate or anastrozole for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome? A prospective controlled trial".(2023) - GHK (copper-free)
Retracted·Retraction: Bis-salophen palladium complex immobilized on Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles as a highly active and durable phosphine-free catalyst for Heck and copper-free Sonogashira coupling reactions.(2023) - Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)
Retracted·Retraction Note: Lixisenatide protects doxorubicin-induced renal fibrosis by activating wNF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β/Smad pathways.(2023) - Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Retracted·A feasibility study of the combination of intranasal insulin with dulaglutide for cognition in older adults with metabolic syndrome at high dementia risk - Study rationale and design.(2023) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Cerebrolysin Attenuates Exacerbation of Neuropathic Pain, Blood-spinal Cord Barrier Breakdown and Cord Pathology Following Chronic Intoxication of Engineered Ag, Cu or Al (50-60 nm) Nanoparticles.(2023) - PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
Expression of concern·Expression of Concern: Salvage of Sildenafil Failures With Bremelanotide: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study.(2023) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Retraction Note: Sequential clomiphene citrate/hMG versus hMG for ovulation induction in clomiphene citrate-resistant women.(2022) - GHK-Cu
Retracted·PM2.5 Exposure Induces Lung Injury and Fibrosis by Regulating Ferroptosis <i>via</i> TGF-<i>β</i> Signaling.(2022) - Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Retracted·Dulaglutide mitigates high dietary fructose-induced renal fibrosis in rats through suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by GSK-3β/TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathways.(2022) - HMG (Menotropin)
Retracted·TJZYF Improves Endometrial Receptivity through Regulating VEGF and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.(2022) - SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Retracted·Acute myocardial infarction therapy using calycosin and tanshinone co-loaded mitochondria targeted lipid-polymer hybrid nano-system: Preparation, characterization, and anti myocardial infarction activity assessment.(2022) - Urolithin A
Retracted·RETRACTED: A Combination Therapy of Urolithin A+EGCG Has Stronger Protective Effects than Single Drug Urolithin A in a Humanized Amyloid Beta Knockin Mice for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.(2022) - Adropin
Retracted·Adropin Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Osteogenic Differentiation to Alleviate Vascular Calcification via the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.(2022) - HGH (Somatropin)
Retracted·Effect of Vitamin D Combined with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency.(2022) - HMG (Menotropin)
Retracted·Efficacy of Letrozole Combined with Urinary Gonadotropin for Ovulation Induction in Endocrine Abnormal Infertility Patients: A Retrospective Single-Center, Case-Control Study.(2022) - Degarelix (Firmagon)
Retracted·Effectiveness of GnRH Antagonists and Agonists in Patients with Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study.(2022) - Adamax
Retracted·Emotion Analysis Model of Microblog Comment Text Based on CNN-BiLSTM.(2022) - MOTS-c
Retracted·Novel Insights Into the Role of Mitochondria-Derived Peptides in Myocardial Infarction.(2021) - Humanin
Retracted·Novel Insights Into the Role of Mitochondria-Derived Peptides in Myocardial Infarction.(2021) - Pramlintide
Retracted·The best drug supplement for obesity treatment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.(2021) - GDF-11
Retracted·GDF11 enhances therapeutic functions of mesenchymal stem cells for angiogenesis.(2021) - Noopept (Omberacetam)
Retracted·Retraction notice to "Noopept; a nootropic dipeptide, modulates persistent inflammation by effecting spinal microglia dependent Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF expression throughout apoptotic process" [Heliyon (2021) e06219].(2021) - GDF-11
Retracted·<i>In Silico</i> Characterization of Growth Differentiation Factors as Inhibitors of TNF-Alpha and IL-6 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease Rheumatoid Arthritis.(2021) - MOTS-c
Retracted·MOTS-c accelerates bone fracture healing by stimulating osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via positively regulating FOXF1 to activate the TGF-β pathway.(2021) - Noopept (Omberacetam)
Retracted·Noopept; a nootropic dipeptide, modulates persistent inflammation by effecting spinal microglia dependent Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF expression throughout apoptotic process.(2021) - Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)
Retracted·Structural characterization of ginseng oligopeptides and anti-aging potency evaluation in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.(2020) - GDF-11
Retracted·Overexpression of circRNA circUCK2 Attenuates Cell Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via miR-125b-5p/GDF11 Signaling.(2020) - Clomiphene
Expression of concern·The efficacy of vitamin D combined with clomiphene citrate in ovulation induction in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double blind, randomized clinical trial.(2020) - Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)
Retracted·GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide protects against high free fatty acids-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response.(2019) - MOTS-c
Retracted·MOTS-c accelerates bone fracture healing by stimulating osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via positively regulating FOXF1 to activate the TGF-β pathway.(2019) - Enclomiphene
Retracted·Patient Safety: A Deep Concern to Caregivers.(2019) - Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)
Retracted·Lixisenatide protects doxorubicin-induced renal fibrosis by activating wNF-κB/TNF-α and TGF-β/Smad pathways.(2019) - MGF (Mechano Growth Factor)
Retracted·Mechano growth factor attenuates mechanical overload-induced nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis through inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway.(2019) - Thymosin Beta-15
Retracted·Downregulation of NEAT1 reverses the radioactive iodine resistance of papillary thyroid carcinoma cell via miR-101-3p/FN1/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.(2018) - SR9009 (Stenabolic)
Retracted·Melatonin modulates dysregulated circadian clocks in mice with diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.(2018) - SR9009 (Stenabolic)
Retracted·Melatonin Attenuates Dysregulation of the Circadian Clock Pathway in Mice With CCl<sub>4</sub>-Induced Fibrosis and Human Hepatic Stellate Cells.(2018) - AICAR
Retracted·Glucose regulates MafA transcription factor abundance and insulin gene expression by inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase in pancreatic β-cells.(2018) - Cetrorelix (Cetrotide)
Expression of concern·Laparoscopic ovarian drilling versus GnRH antagonist combined with cabergoline as a prophylaxis against the re-development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.(2018) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Timed Release of Cerebrolysin Using Drug-Loaded Titanate Nanospheres Reduces Brain Pathology and Improves Behavioral Functions in Parkinson's Disease.(2018) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Co-Administration of TiO2 Nanowired Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cerebrolysin Potentiates Neprilysin Level and Reduces Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.(2018) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Long-term use of clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in PCO patients with clomiphene citrate resistance.(2017) - Cetrorelix (Cetrotide)
Retracted·Does dehydroepiandrosterone improve pregnancy rate in women undergoing IVF/ICSI with expected poor ovarian response according to the Bologna criteria? A randomized controlled trial.(2016) - Cerebrolysin
Retracted·Neuroprotective effects of Cerebrolysin in triple repeat Tau transgenic model of Pick's disease and fronto-temporal tauopathies.(2015) - Ac-SDKP (TB-500 Fragment 1-4)
Expression of concern·Effects of thymosin β4 and its N-terminal fragment Ac-SDKP on TGF-β-treated human lung fibroblasts and in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis.(2015) - Toremifene
Expression of concern·Nano-Targeted Delivery of Toremifene, an Estrogen Receptor-α Blocker in Prostate Cancer.(2015) - Dermorphin
Retracted·Antinociceptive effects of endomorphin-2: suppression of substance P release in the inflammatory pain model rat.(2015) - Dihexa
Retracted·The procognitive and synaptogenic effects of angiotensin IV-derived peptides are dependent on activation of the hepatocyte growth factor/c-met system.(2014) - Cabergoline
Expression of concern·Does cabergoline help in decreasing endometrioma size compared to LHRH agonist? A prospective randomized study.(2014) - Clomiphene
Retracted·Combined coenzyme Q10 and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.(2014) - Macimorelin (Macrilen)
Retracted·Drugs in development for treatment of patients with cancer-related anorexia and cachexia syndrome.(2013) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·PPARδ binding to heme oxygenase 1 promoter prevents angiotensin II-induced adipocyte dysfunction in Goldblatt hypertensive rats.(2013) - Tesofensine
Expression of concern·Expression of concern--effect of tesofensine on bodyweight loss, body composition, and quality of life in obese patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.(2013) - Humanin
Retracted·S14G-humanin inhibits Aβ1-42 fibril formation, disaggregates preformed fibrils, and protects against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro.(2013) - Dihexa
Expression of concern·Evaluation of metabolically stabilized angiotensin IV analogs as procognitive/antidementia agents.(2012) - HMG (Menotropin)
Withdrawn·WITHDRAWN: Human menopausal gonadotropin versus recombinant follicle stimulation hormone for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive cycles.(2011) - Sermorelin
Expression of concern·Antiproliferative effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist on ovarian cancer cells through the EGFR-Akt pathway.(2010) - Thymulin
Retracted·Endotoxin-mediated regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB nuclear translocation and activation in the hippocampus of the central nervous system: modulation by intracerebroventricular treatment with thymulin and the immunomodulatory role of the IkappaB-alpha/pIkappaB-alpha pathway.(2009) - Tesofensine
Expression of concern·Effect of tesofensine on bodyweight loss, body composition, and quality of life in obese patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.(2008) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·Regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway by cPLA2alpha and PPARdelta.(2008) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta induces lung cancer growth via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator gamma-1alpha.(2008) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·PPARbeta/delta agonist stimulates human lung carcinoma cell growth through inhibition of PTEN expression: the involvement of PI3K and NF-kappaB signals.(2008) - PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
Expression of concern·Salvage of sildenafil failures with bremelanotide: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study.(2008) - PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
Retracted·RETRACTED: Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in female subjects with arousal disorder: a double-blind placebo-controlled, fixed dose, randomized study.(2007) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·Retracted: A novel positive feedback loop between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta and prostaglandin E2 signaling pathways for human cholangiocarcinoma cell growth.(2006) - GW501516 (Cardarine)
Retracted·Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARbeta/delta) increases the expression of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype EP4. The roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta.(2005) - Melanotan II
Retracted·Exercise-induced metallothionein expression in human skeletal muscle fibres.(2005) - Melanotan II
Retracted·Treatment with metallothionein prevents demyelination and axonal damage and increases oligodendrocyte precursors and tissue repair during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.(2003) - Melanotan II
Retracted·Metallothionein I+II expression and their role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.(2000) - HMG (Menotropin)
Withdrawn·WITHDRAWN: Follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction cycles.(1996) - Splenopentin
Retracted·Isolation and complete amino acid sequence of human thymopoietin and splenin.(1987)
Compounds with no indexed human research (9)
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